Grafting types by placement:

A - ungrafted plant

B - a typically low grafted plant developed from the placement of a scion several inches up from the junction between the root and shoot systems of the stock plant. In such cases the graft union is usually planted several inches above the soil line to avoid scion rooting.

C - highworking is used when it is desirable that several feet of the trunk system of the resultant plant should be of the stock genotype.

D - Top working in which one or more scions are grafted high up on the canopy of an established tree.

E - Double working in which the scion and stock are seperated by a third genotype.