abbot --brethren -- rule -- (divine) office -- (monastic) order -- hermits/anchorites -- coenobites -- (degrees of) humility -- obedience -- excommunication -- penance -- satisfaction
agricultural revolution -- commercial revolution -- artisanal revolution
Albi -- Albigensians / Albigensianism-- Albigensian Crusade -- Languedoc -- Cathars / Catharism
Alfonso X "el sabio" (Sp "the wise") -- Castile -- Castilian (language) -- alcalde (Sp "judge" < Ar al-qadi "the judge")
'Ali -- 'Uthman -- 'Aysha -- Hussein -- (battle of) Karbala
Allah (Ar "god")
Arabia
Bayt al-Hikma (Ar "house of wisdom") -- Harun ar-Rashid -- The One Thousand and One Nights -- al-Ma'moun
Benedictines -- Cistercians -- Bernard of Clairvaux
caliph (Ar "vicar," "substitute") -- (Four) Rightly Guided Caliphs (cf. Week VI)
Christendom
Cluny / Cluniac -- monastic order -- General Chapter
convent
Córdoba -- Toledo -- Seville -- al-Andalus -- Pyrenees (mountain range) -- Granada -- Abd er-Rahman I -- emirate of Córdoba -- Abd er-Rahman III -- Caliphate of Córdoba
corporation -- confraternity -- guild / gild (cf. Week XV)
crop rotation -- two-field & three-field system
Crusades [esp. the 1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th]
Damascus -- Baghdad -- Samarra -- Sawad -- Cairo -- Fustat
dhimmi (Ar < dhimma, "covenant") -- Peoples of the Book -- Pact of Omar/Umar -- jizya (Ar "poll tax") (cf. Week VI)
Dictatus Papae (Lat. "pronouncement of the pope")
Drang nach Osten (German: "the push towards the east"; cf. reclaiming land below)
Five Pillars of Islam (cf. Week VI)
St Francis of Assisi -- Franciscans -- OFM (ordo fratrum minorum, "order of lesser brothers") -- imitation of Christ
Gregorian reform / Investiture controversy (or: conflict, contest, etc.) -- papal primacy -- simony -- nicolaitism -- clerical marriage -- clerical celibacy -- clerical tonsure -- Concordat of Worms -- homosexuality
Gregory VII (Hildebrand) -- [pope as the] Vicar ("stand-in") of St Peter -- Countess Mathilda of Tuscany
hadith (Ar "tradition") (cf. Week VI)
Hattin (battle of)
(Emperor) Henry III -- Henry IV -- [emperor as the] Vicar of Christ -- Canossa
heavy plough -- light plough -- furlong ("furrow-length")
High Middle Ages -- Late Middle Ages
Ibn Sinna (> Avicenna) -- Ibn Rushd (> Averroes)
imam (Ar "prayer leader") -- amir/emir (Ar "[military] commander; cf. Lat dux > Engl 'duke') -- emir el-mu'minin (Ar "leader of the faithful") (cf. Week VI)
Innocent III -- (papal / medieval) Inquisition (? Spanish Inquisition; cf. Week XIII)
Islam -- Muslim -- Dar el-Islam (Ar "home/world of Islam") -- ummah (Ar "nation," "community"; cf. Lat ecclesia) (cf. Week VI)
(vb:) invest (to invest a bishop) -- (noun:) investiture -- lay investiture (cf. Gregorian Reform above)
Kingdom of Jerusalem -- County of Edessa -- Principality of Antioch -- Acre (city)
John of Salisbury -- organic society (cf. Week III)
Leo IX -- cardinals (< Lat cardo "axis") -- papal curia (Lat "court")
liberty (NB: esp. used in pl.; see Burger pp. 168, 241; cf. Week XIII) -- privilege (L privilegium, "private [i.e., custom-tailored] law")
madrasa (Ar "school") -- ulama (Ar "[religious] scholars")
Manzikert (battle of) -- Alp Arsalan
mawali
Mohammed -- the last prophet
(Jewish) moneylenders -- ghetto (< It borghetto, "burgh"; see below) -- expulsion -- Edward I
(three) orders (Lat ordines; cf. 'ordained') / estates -- oratores (Lat "those who pray") -- bellatores (Lat "those who war") -- laboratores (Lat "those who toil")
orthodoxy (Gk "correct belief") -- orthpraxy ("correct conduct")
Peter the Hermit -- People's / Peasants' Crusade
pilgrimage (NB: ususally a kind of penance imposed on someone) -- Santiago (St James) de Compostela -- (church of the) Holy Sepulchre
Qaramita -- Buyids
Qur'an (cf. Week VI)
reclaiming (clearing, draining, bringing under the plough) land -- dikes (cf. Drang nach Osten)
reconquista -- convivencia (Sp "living together") -- Valencia -- Aragon -- Castile -- Portugal
relics -- patron saints -- purgatory
Sassanid / Sassanian empire
shi'at 'Ali (Ar "sect [of the followers] of 'Ali" ) -- Shi'i / Shi'ite -- Imami / Twelver Shi'ites -- Isma'ili / Sevener Shi'ites (cf. Week VI)
Sufism
sultan (Ar "power" > "powerful person")
sunna (Ar "tradition," "providence") -- Sunni (Ar "traditionalist") -- Sunni Revival (cf. Week VI)
Syriac
Turks -- Turkic ("Turk-like") languages -- Seljuqs -- Mamluks -- Ottomans -- Safavids -- Mughals -- Mongols -- Chinghiz Khan (Ghengis Chan)
Umayyads -- Mu'awiya -- 'Abd er-Rahman (I & III; cf. Córdoba above) -- 'Abbasids -- Abu 'l-'Abbas -- an-Nasir -- Fatimids -- Fatima (cf. Week VI)
Pope Urban II -- Alexius Comnenus (cf. pilgrimage above) -- Fulcher of Chartres -- Dome of the Rock -- 1st Crusade
village -- hamlet -- town -- burgh -- burgher (cf. Fr bourgeois)
Zengi -- Nur ed-Din -- Salah ed-Din / Saladin -- Emperor Frederick II stupor mundi (L "the wonder of the world") -- 2nd & 3rd Crusades